Improvement in the manufacture of meat and other biscuit



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JOHN CARR, or THE CRESCENT, CLAPHAM, AND CHARLES LUOOP, or

DRUMMOND ROAR-ENGLAND.

Letters Patent No. 76,889, dated April 21, 1868; patented in England, January 18,1868.

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TO ALL TO WHOMv IT MAY CONCERN: I p

Be it known that-we, Jomt'csnmof the Qrescent, Clapham, in the county of Surrey, England, of the firm of Peek, Frean, and Company, andCusnLss LUOOP, of Druminon'd Road, also in. the county of Surrey, aforcsaid, one of the managers of the said firm, subjects of the Queen of Great Britain;"have invented or discovered new and useful Improvements in the Manufacture of Meat and other Biscuits;" and we, the said'JOmI CARR and CHARLES Lucoi, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following sta'temen't thereof that is to say,

This invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of meat'and other biscuits.

1n the manufacture of meat-biscuits it is very desirable that the meat-extract should not be exposed to the,

heat of the oven, but that the other ingredients-of the biscuit should be baked separately, and the meat-extract afterwards added. We therefore, according to'our invention, manufacture meat-biscuits in the following manner: We make plain biscuit, and bakeit as usual, then we grindit to powder, and we mixthe extract of meat with the powder. Afterwards, we mould the powder, which is hardly moistened by the extract, into a biscuit by heavy pressure or by stamping it in a suitable mould. Although we prefer to mix the extract of meat with powdered biscuit, othermaterials, such, for example, as baked flour, may be substituted for the biscuit, but less ad vantsgeously. This'method of making biscuits is also applicable advantageously when extract of meat is not employed, but where it is required to incorporate in the biscuits other materials which might be injured by the heat of the oven. v

And in order that our said invention may be most fully understood and readily carried into efl'ect, we will proceed to describe the manner in which we prefer to conduct the manufacture.

We take biscuits made with butter, such as are known as butter-biscuits, and we grind them to a coarse powder, either in a'mill, such as-is used'by grocers for grinding coffee, or, if the operation is conducted one large scale, millstons may be employed.

We then mix with the biscuit-powder Liebigs extract of meat, in' such proportion that each pound of the mixture may contain an 7 ounce and a half of the extract. The mixture should be thoroughly and .carefully mudein a "stone-or other non-metallic vessel. We employ a large pestle and mortar, the pestle being worked by steam-power, as is sometimes practised in mixing (huge, but, on a smaller scale, a hand-pestle and mortarmay bccmployed. The moulds which we employ consist of'oylindrical holes, each about an inch and three-quarters in diameter, bored in'ablock of cast iron. Into each hole a plunger is fitted, so as to be able to. move up and down in the hole. To close the upper ends of the moulds, a cover-plate is provided and fitted truly to the top of the block. The plungers and cover-plates are engraved with the devices, if any, which it is desired to obtain an the surfaces of the biscuits. Into each of'thc moulds when the plunger is .down, there is poured, say a quarter of an ounce of the mixture already prepared, and which is still a powder, and apparently dry. It is convenient to let the plungers, which are in fact movable bottoms to'tho moulds, descend on to a stop-plate or set-screws, so placed that the capacity of each mould may, when. the plungers are down, be such as to contain the properquantity of powder, then to fill all the moulds and strike 05' any excess from the surface of the mould-block; The cover-plate is ,now applied and secured, and the whole arrangement isplaced in a hydraulic press, the plungers resting on the, ram of the press, and they are forced up by it until thepressure on each square inch of biscuit becomes about one ton, or more or less, according to the -degree of firmness it'is desired to give to the biscuits. Th'e pressur'eis then let off, the moulding-appcratus is removed from the press, and the GOYQl'fPlltO is taken oil. Each plunger is now lifted to its highest position, so as to cause it'to carry the moulded biscuit out of the cylindrical hole in which it is formed, and the biscuits are then removed from the plungers by hand. They. are dried for about three-quarters of an hour in a hot closet, at a temperature of about "190,and'ure then finished. v V

Any number of moulds may be worked at one time which the power of the press will admit.

We would remark that the detaile of the process, and the apparatus e n plo e d therein, may be much varied, but those which we have described are convenient. I t

We employthe same method when making-biscuits with presei-ved fruits; thematerials which require baking h going int'othe ovens hy themselves, and afterwards in a powdei'ed state being mixed with the jam, or j'elly, or

other preserve, andfoi-Ihed'into biscuits by pressure andxyithout injurious heat. v

Gh'ee'se may he employed in a similni ma nner; and vith cheese we operate in the following manner: .We finely powder the biscuit, and alsotho cheese, but without mixing them. We place about hulfthe biscuit-powder required to ma-kea biscuit into themould; we then compress slightly in a smaller cylinder the requisite quantity of cheese, grated or otherwise, and afterwards placeit on. the powder in the biseuitfimould. The remainder of the biscuit-powder isput into'the mould, and. the pressure is applied, is before. .In this way a hiseuit is made with the cheese enclosed in the centre.

What we claim, is-- i v I The manufacture of meat and other biscuits by first baking such of the ingredients of the biscuit as require to be baked, then adding extractof meat or such other of thefin'gr edients of the biscuit as would be injured by the heat of the oven andform'ing the whole into biscuits by pressure oi' foiue applied to the ,ingredients whilst they are contained in moulds, substantially as h'ereinbefore dos ci'ibed. l l I l l JOHN CARR,

CHARLES LUCOP.

Witnesses:

}Bo, th of.No. 17 Grace charch Street, L mdon.

T. L. WARNER, 

